MDacne
Aczone: An Effective but Lesser-Known Acne Treatment
Aczone, a topical gel containing 7.5% dapsone, is a lesser-known option in acne treatment approved for individuals aged 12 and older. Dapsone, synthesized in 1908, is an oral medication originally used for leprosy and a rare skin condition called dermatitis herpetiformis. The oral form of dapsone has been associated with potential side effects, including hemolysis—a breakdown of red blood cells—which is particularly notable in patients with or without G6PD deficiency. In patients with G6PD deficiency, hemolysis can be more severe.
How Effective is Aczone Gel for Acne?
While the exact mechanism of Aczone's action on acne remains unclear, it’s thought to provide both anti-inflammatory and antibacterial benefits. Clinical studies show that Aczone reduced acne in 41% of users after 12 weeks, compared to 33% in those receiving a placebo. These results, while positive, are generally less effective than other prescription and over-the-counter acne treatments, which is why Aczone is often used in combination with oral anti-acne treatments like spironolactone or antibiotics for better results.
Who Should Avoid Using Aczone?
Aczone is not suitable for individuals with G6PD deficiency, methemoglobinemia, or those under age 12. Additionally, it should not be used alongside benzoyl peroxide, as combining the two can cause temporary skin discoloration (yellow or orange) at the application site. Users should be cautious of symptoms of methemoglobinemia—a condition that can reduce oxygen in the blood—indicated by a gray or blue tinge to the lips, nails, or inside the mouth. If any signs appear, discontinue use and seek medical attention.
Individuals with G6PD deficiency should be aware that Aczone may increase their risk of hemolytic anemia. Symptoms to watch for include dark urine, breathlessness, fatigue, and yellow or pale skin, which would necessitate prompt medical evaluation.
How Does Aczone Compare with Benzoyl Peroxide and Adapalene?
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Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO): Benzoyl peroxide is widely regarded as the top choice for acne treatment due to its proven safety and efficacy. Micronized benzoyl peroxide formulations enhance effectiveness while minimizing dryness and irritation, making BPO a more effective option than Aczone for many types of acne.
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Differin (Adapalene) and Epiduo: These treatments contain adapalene, a retinoid known for addressing blackheads and inflamed acne. While adapalene can cause irritation and sun sensitivity, it has fewer systemic side effects than Aczone. Aczone may be gentler on the skin, but adapalene treatments tend to have higher efficacy against acne.
Aczone’s price can be a barrier for some, with a 60g tube costing approximately $600, though insurance or manufacturer discounts may offset some of the cost.
Safety for Individuals with G6PD Deficiency
A study examining the risk of hemolysis in G6PD-deficient individuals using dapsone 5% gel (primarily in African American participants) showed minimal risk, with only a slight reduction in hemoglobin levels after two weeks and no other signs of hemolysis. Although the findings suggest the risk of hemolytic anemia with topical dapsone is low, it’s still recommended that individuals with G6PD deficiency discuss risks with their healthcare provider before using Aczone.
In summary, while Aczone is a viable option for acne treatment, particularly for its anti-inflammatory properties, other treatments like benzoyl peroxide or adapalene may offer higher efficacy and fewer systemic concerns. Aczone may work well for individuals who do not respond to other treatments and can be used with other medications under medical supervision.
More info on Dapsone tablets
Aczone for people with G6PD deficiency
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